[[tags: egg]]
== fuse
[[toc:]]
=== Description
A [[http://fuse.sourceforge.net/|FUSE]] interface.
Installation requires the libfuse library and headers (API version 26)
and a CHICKEN version 4.8.2 or newer.
The source for this extension is available at
[[https://bitbucket.org/evhan/chicken-fuse|Bitbucket]].
'''This extension's interface is subject to change without notice or
deprecation period.'''
==== Requirements
* [[/egg/concurrent-native-callbacks|concurrent-native-callbacks]]
* [[/egg/foreigners|foreigners]]
* [[/egg/matchable|matchable]]
==== Platform Notes
'''This extension is only officially supported on Linux and OpenBSD.'''
It has also been installed successfully on FreeBSD and Mac OS X, but
tested far less thoroughly on those platforms.
On OpenBSD, each filesystem's main loop is single-threaded, the
'''{{{ioctl:}}}''' callback is not available, and stopping a filesystem
via {{filesystem-stop!}} is significantly slower than stopping it via
{{umount(2)}}.
==== Runtime Structure
Each filesystem is executed in a separate native thread that
communicates with the (single, shared) CHICKEN runtime via Unix pipe,
per [[/egg/concurrent-native-callbacks|concurrent-native-callbacks]].
More than one filesystem can be run at once, but FUSE operations are
synchronous across all filesystems so long-running callbacks should be
avoided.
More importantly, care must be taken not to deadlock the Scheme runtime
by requesting a filesystem operation from within CHICKEN that itself
requires a response from CHICKEN, for example by accessing a file that's
part of a running filesystem. The easiest way to avoid this situation is
to run each filesystem in a more-or-less dedicated OS-level process
whose sole responsibility is to service FUSE requests.
=== API
filesystem
(filesystem? object) -> boolean
A {{filesystem}} is an opaque, {{defstruct}}-style record type
representing a set of FUSE filesystem operations.
(make-filesystem #!key ...) -> filesystem
Create a FUSE filesystem.
The keyword arguments to {{make-filesystem}} specify the resulting
{{filesystem}}'s callback procedures. Each {{}} should be one
the following:
; {{access:}}: {{(procedure path mode) -> value}}
; {{chmod:}}: {{(procedure path mode) -> value}}
; {{chown:}}: {{(procedure uid gid) -> value}}
; {{create:}}: {{(procedure path mode) -> (or handle #f)}}
; {{destroy:}}: {{(procedure) -> void}}
; {{flush:}}: {{(procedure path) -> value}}
; {{fsync:}}: {{(procedure path) -> value}}
; {{getattr:}}: {{(procedure path) -> (or (vector mode nlink uid gid size atime ctime mtime) #f)}}
; {{init:}}: {{(procedure) -> void}}
; {{ioctl:}}: {{(procedure path int pointer) -> value}}
; {{link:}}: {{(procedure path path) -> value}}
; {{mkdir:}}: {{(procedure path mode) -> value}}
; {{mknod:}}: {{(procedure path mode) -> value}}
; {{open:}}: {{(procedure path mode) -> (or handle #f)}}
; {{readdir:}}: {{(procedure path) -> (or (list path ...) value)}}
; {{readlink:}}: {{(procedure path) -> (or path #f)}}
; {{read:}}: {{(procedure handle size offset) -> (or size string value)}}
; {{release:}}: {{(procedure handle) -> value}}
; {{rename:}}: {{(procedure path path) -> value}}
; {{rmdir:}}: {{(procedure path) -> value}}
; {{statfs:}}: {{(procedure path) -> (or (vector bsize blocks bfree bavail files ffree namemax) #f)}}
; {{symlink:}}: {{(procedure path path) -> value}}
; {{truncate:}}: {{(procedure path) -> value}}
; {{unlink:}}: {{(procedure path) -> value}}
; {{utimens:}}: {{(procedure path atime mtime) -> value}}
; {{write:}}: {{(procedure handle string offset) -> (or size string value)}}
{{offset}}, {{size}}, {{mode}}, {{nlink}}, {{uid}}, {{gid}}, {{size}},
{{atime}}, {{ctime}} and {{mtime}} are numeric values with the obvious
meanings. A {{path}} is a pathname string. {{bsize}}, {{blocks}},
{{bfree}}, {{bavail}}, {{files}}, {{ffree}} and {{namemax}} are positive
numeric values corresponding to the {{statvfs(2)}} struct members of the
same names.
A {{value}} may be any Scheme object and indicates whether the
filesystem operation was successful. When {{#f}}, the filesystem will
indicate a nonexistent file ({{ENOENT}}); any other value indicates
success. Callbacks should signal other types of failures by raising an
appropriate {{errno(3)}} value. For example, to signal insufficient
permissions, an '''{{access:}}''' operation should {{(raise
errno/perm)}}.
A {{handle}} may be any Scheme object and represents a file handle. When
returned as the result of an '''{{open:}}''' or
'''{{create:}}'''callback, this value is provided to that file's
subsequent '''{{read:}}''', '''{{write:}}''' and '''{{release:}}'''
operations. Note that this object is evicted into static memory (via
{{object-evict}}) until just before '''{{release:}}''', so it is more
efficient (as well as memory-safe) to use simple values as file handles;
the same caveats that apply to {{object-evict}} apply here.
'''{{release:}}''' is guaranteed to be called once for every successful
'''{{open:}}''', while '''{{read:}}''' and '''{{write:}}''' should be
prepared to be called multiple times with diverse {{offset}} values.
(filesystem-start! path filesystem) -> (or #f undefined)
Start {{filesystem}} at the given {{path}}.
{{path}} should be a pathname string indicating an empty directory.
On successful startup, the filesystem is mounted, its '''{{init:}}'''
callback is executed, any threads waiting for the filesystem to start
are unblocked, and a non-{{#f}} value is returned. On failure, {{#f}} is
returned immediately.
{{filesystem-start!}} does not wait for filesystem initialization before
returning. To block until the filesystem is becomes available, use
{{filesystem-wait!}}.
The effective exception handler for the filesystem's operations at
{{path}} is that of the call to {{filesystem-start!}}'s dynamic
environment, and must ''always'' return with a suitable {{errno(3)}}
integer value. Failure to do so may result in orphaned mounts, infinite
loops, and locusts.
(filesystem-stop! path filesystem) -> undefined
Stop {{filesystem}} at the given {{path}}.
{{path}} should be a pathname string and must exactly match the value
provided to {{filesystem-start!}} when the {{filesystem}} was started
(according to {{string=?}}).
If the given {{filesystem}} isn't currently mounted at {{path}}, this
procedure is a noop. Otherwise, the filesystem is unmounted, any threads
waiting for the filesystem to stop are unblocked, and its
'''{{destroy:}}''' callback is executed.
{{filesystem-stop!}} does not wait for filesystem shutdown before
returning. To block until the filesystem is fully stopped, use
{{filesystem-wait!}}.
(filesystem-wait! path filesystem [status]) -> undefined
Block until {{filesystem}} is started or stopped at {{path}}.
{{path}} should be a pathname string and must exactly match the value
provided to {{filesystem-start!}} when the {{filesystem}} was started
(according to {{string=?}}).
The optional {{status}} argument should be a symbol indicating the
filesystem state for which to wait, either {{started}} or {{stopped}}.
By default, {{(eq? status stopped)}}.
(filesystem-running? path filesystem) -> boolean
Determine whether {{filesystem}} is currently running at {{path}}.
{{path}} should be a pathname string and must exactly match the value
provided to {{filesystem-start!}} when the {{filesystem}} was started
(according to {{string=?}}).
file/fifo
file/chr
file/blk
file/reg
file/dir
file/lnk
file/sock
These values correspond to the {{S_IF*}} flags specified by {{stat(2)}}.
They're not FUSE-specific, but may be useful when defining
'''{{getattr:}}''' callbacks.
=== Examples
Usage examples can be found in the project's
[[https://bitbucket.org/evhan/chicken-fuse/src/master/examples/|examples]]
directory.
=== Author
[[/users/evan-hanson|Evan Hanson]]
Credit to [[/users/ivan-raikov|Ivan Raikov]] for initial work on libfuse
bindings and inspiration for the keyword-based API.
Credit to [[/users/jorg-wittenberger|Jörg Wittenberger]] for lots of
helpful bug hunting.
=== License
Copyright (c) 2013-2014, 3-Clause BSD.